Synthetic Tarantula Peptide for Cardiovascular Research: ProTx-I Now Available from Peptides International

Synthetic Tarantula Peptide
for Cardiovascular Research: ProTx-I

ProTx-I peptide was first isolated and characterized from the venom of tarantula Thrixopelma pruriens and consists of 35 amino acids.¹ This peptide toxin belongs to the inhibitory cystine knot (ICK) family, which is known to interact with voltage-gated ion channels. ProTx-I does not effect the rate of inactivation of channels but modifies the conformation of channels to an open position by shifting voltage dependence to more positive potentials. In addition, this toxin, like other members of the ICK family of spider toxins, can bind multiple voltage-gated ion channel families. ProTx-I inhibits: 1) T-type Ca²⁺ channel, Cav 3.1 by 84%; 2) Na⁺ channels, Nav1.2, Nav1.5, Nav1.7, and Nav1.8 by about 80%; and 3) K⁺ channels, K_v2.1 by 60% and K_v1.3 by 40%. ProTx-I elicits multiple channel blocking activities with certain selectivity, since K⁺ channel inhibitory activity is relatively weak.

This is one of the first high affinity ligands reported for tetrodotoxin-resistant Na⁺ and T-type Ca²⁺ channels. These ion channels can play a role in secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters and contribute to cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric disorders. For example, neuronal T-type Ca²⁺ channels can contribute to changes in oscillation in the thalamus cells.² Oscillatory changes have been associated with tremor of Parkinson’s disease, tinnitus, neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, and neurogenic pain. In addition, Ca²⁺ channels have been implicated as the pace maker current in the heart and suggested in previous studies to participate in atrial remodeling.^3,4 ProTx-I peptide should be an extremely useful research tool toward greater understanding of the role of voltage-gated ion channels in physiology and disease.

Manufactured by the Peptide Institute and Available from Peptides International
CODE	PRODUCT	QTY	USD
PTX-4409-s NEW!	ProTx-I Synthetic Product Tarantula, Thrixopelma pruriens Glu-Cys-Arg-Tyr-Trp-Leu-Gly-Gly-Cys-Ser- Ala-Gly-Gln-Thr-Cys-Cys-Lys-His-Leu-Val- Cys-Ser-Arg-Arg-His-Gly-Trp-Cys-Val-Trp- Asp-Gly-Thr-Phe-Ser (Disulfide bonds between Cys²-Cys¹⁶, Cys⁹-Cys²¹, and Cys¹⁵- Cys²⁸) (M.W. 3987.50 ) C₁₇₁H₂₄₅N₅₃O₄₇S₆ T-Type Ca²⁺ Channel / Na⁺ Channel / K⁺ Channel Blocker (Gating Modifier)	0.1 mg vial	232

1. R.E. Middleton, V.A. Warren, R.L. Kraus, J.C. Hwang, C.J. Liu, G. Dai, R.M. Brochu, M.G. Kohler, Y.D. Gao, V.M. Garsky, M.J. Bogusky, J.T. Mehl, C.J. Cohen, and M.M. Smith, Biochemistry, 41, 14734 (2002). (Original)
2. J.R. Huguenard and D.A Prince, J. Neurosc., 14, 5485 (1994).
3. S. Fareh, A. Benardeau, B. Thibault, and S. Natte, Circulation, 100, 2191 (1999).
4. S. Fareh, A. Benardeau, and S. Nattel, Cardiovascular Res., 4, 762 (2001).

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